Notably, Mir34a global ablation or its pharmacologic inhibition by a locked nucleic acid (LNA) in Ldlr−/− or ApoE−/− animals improves dyslipidemia and reduces not only atherosclerosis but also obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease onset by inducing energy expenditure and coordinating regulation of macrophages cholesterol efflux, hepatic cholesterol uptake and fat and cholesterol intestinal adsorption. This evidence concerns the gene MIR34A and atherosclerosis.