TNF‐α (median [IQR]: 40.8 [31.1–50.9] pg/ml vs. 28.5 [17.3–41.2] pg/ml, P < 0.001) (Figure 2A), IL‐1β (median [IQR]: 3.0 [1.9–5.1] pg/ml vs. 2.5 [1.6–3.9] pg/ml, P = 0.004) (Figure 2B), and IL‐17 (median [IQR]: 38.3 [27.4–51.8] pg/ml vs. 32.9 [26.3–43.1] pg/ml, P = 0.003) (Figure 2D) levels were all higher in NSCLC survivors than those in controls, while IL‐6 level (median [IQR]: 17.9 [13.1–21.5] pg/ml vs. 16.6 [9.6–22.7] pg/ml, P = 0.105) (Figure 2C) was similar between them. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and non-small cell lung carcinoma.