Of note, serum TNF‐α and IL‐1β were more strongly positively associated with anxiety and depression than serum IL‐6 and IL‐17 in NSCLC survivors, which might be explained by that IL‐6 and IL‐17 might be indirectly involved in the pathophysiology of anxiety and depression by modulating other inflammatory pathways and mediating the release of other cytokines.11 This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and non-small cell lung carcinoma.