CSF3 and infection: With all other cytokines/chemokines analyzed, infection with low dose HSV-2 (103 pfu/mL) appeared to increase expression compared to normal, uninfected controls (Figure 7b–i); however, significant increases were only observed for G-CSF expression in the placenta of animals infected with low dose HSV-2 infection (p = 0.0439) (Figure 7h).