Proinflammatory cytokines with catabolic actions, in particular, IL-6, IL-1β, TNFα and IFNγ, seem to be key mediators of cancer cachexia and it has been proposed that crosstalk between tumor cells, the immune system and the specific cell composition of the TME are crucial to the releasing of these factors [53,54]. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is neoplasm.