TNF and acute myeloid leukemia: In line with the mentioned immune-metabolic adaptation and to feed the gluttonous needs of the CSCs, leukemia cells secrete several inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), along with the endothelial granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), to enhance vasculogenesis for supplying the AML LSC with the essential metabolites for its growth and proliferation (85).