(54) demonstrate that EMT enriched programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in cancer stem-like cells by the EMT/β-catenin/STT3/PD-L1 signaling axis, in which EMT transcriptionally induced N-glycosyltransferase STT3 (including isoforms STT3A and STT3B) through β-catenin, and subsequent STT3-dependent PD-L1 N-glycosylation stabilized and upregulated PD-L1. Here, STT3B is linked to cancer.