Based on a region encompassing the pol gene, an earlier subtype analysis of over 90 incident infections enrolled under IAVI Protocol C in Rwanda identified 80% as subtype A1 and only 6.5% as recombinant viruses (Amornkul et al., 2013), while a second study of smaller sample size, where gag, pol, and env genes were sequenced, reported 13.5% recombinant forms in the same cohort (Kemal et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene ERVW-1 and infection.