We identified significant upregulation (Table 3) of mitochondrial complex I genes (NDUFB8, NDUFAF2, and NDUFA1), ATP synthase subunits (ATP5O and ATP5G1), and cytochrome c oxidase subunit Vic (COX6C) in individuals with T2DM 1 year post-RYGB surgery. This evidence concerns the gene NDUFB8 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.