ATP1A1 and liver cancer: The α1 subunit (ATP1A1) is overexpressed in liver cancer (Zhuang et al., 2015), glioma (Xu et al., 2010), etc. Downregulating the expression of ATP1A1 can significantly reduce the proliferation and migration of hepatic carcinoma (HCC) cells and promote cell apoptosis, reducing their tumorigenicity in vivo.