A recent study has demonstrated the important role of miR-29a in fatty acid oxidation through regulation of PGC1α, an important marker of mitochondrial biogenesis (Cheng C.F. et al., 2018) which is intricately linked to obesity and type 2 diabetes (Liang and Ward, 2006; Massart et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene PPARGC1A and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.