MAPT and Alzheimer disease: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is characterized by the deposition of two different protein aggregates: (a) senile amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and (b) neurofibrillary tangles of the microtubule-associated protein tau (Nie et al. 2011; Penke et al. 2017; Selkoe, 2011; Snyder et al. 1994).