MTOR and Hyperglycemia: The local hyperinsulinism and simultaneous hyperglycemia due to diabetes activate the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog/mammalian target of Rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) and Rat sarcoma/mitogen activated protein kinase (Ras/MAPK) proto oncogenic pathways in the hepatocytes of the liver acini downstream of the transplanted islets [9,12].