PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In their study, CpG26 in the regulatory region of PARVB variant 1 was markedly hypomethylated and CpG99 in the regulatory region of PNPLA3 was hypermethylated in patients with advanced NAFLD compared with those with mild NAFLD, all of which indicates the contribution of DNA methylation to fibrosis severity [116].