ESR1 and breast carcinoma: Approximately 75% of premenopausal women with breast cancer have estrogen- and/or progesterone-receptor positive tumors (ER+, PR+) and undergo 5–10 years of estrogen suppression via gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists (i.e., leuprolide or goserelin), selective estrogen receptor modulators (i.e., tamoxifen), or aromatase inhibitor therapy [56].