ALDH2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: The primary markers of oxidative stress, direct measurement of mitochondrial superoxide formation and oxidative inactivation of ALDH-2, showed no significant changes of mitochondrial superoxide formation (DHE HPLC, p = 0.205) and cardiac ALDH-2 activity (Monal HPLC, p = 0.618) in the IDDM/NIDDM group (Figure 1).