It has been suggested that miR-29 family members may promote IR and type 2 diabetes through the downregulation of proteins involved in insulin signaling, such as CAV1 and insulin-induced gene 1 (Insig1) [225], and by targeting syntaxin-1, a protein that plays a positive role in both GLUT4 function and insulin exocytosis [224]. This evidence concerns the gene INSIG1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.