VEGFA and neoplasm: Tumorigenic cells can escape immune detection through a variety of mechanisms such as the maintenance of an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment by producing IL-4, -6, -10, -13, TGFβ, and VEGF, by the loss of the expression of a variety of tumour-associated antigens, or by loss of antigen-presenting machinery-related genes, either through genomic instability or epigenetic reprograming [514,515].