When the mRNA levels of troponin complex were compared between pediatric and adult patients, gene expression of cTnI, cTnT1, cTnT3, cTnT4, cTnT 10/11/12 and cTnC were significantly higher in HF adults compared to HF children, both pre-VAD and post-VAD (Table 2). Here, TNNT2 is linked to hydrops fetalis.