Upon assessment, it was found that there was no significant association between TGF-β1 expression and age, menopause, family history or tumor size; however, there was significant association between histological grade (grade III samples; 34 cases in TGF-β1-high samples versus 4 cases in TGF-βlow samples) and positive axillary lymph node tumor migration (33 cases for TGF-β1-high samples versus 16 cases in TGF-βlow samples). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.