ALCAM and diffuse astrocytoma: Work undertaken by Allmendinger et al. [111] has measured ALCAM protein levels in a rather large group of neurological tumours (n = 339) and found that 93% of glioblastomas, 85% of lower-grade ependymomas, 83% of diffuse astrocytomas, and 68% of anaplastic ependymomas stained positive for ALCAM, although the staining tended to be weaker than normal control tissues (n = 105) [111].