Chromosomal rearrangements involving ALK were first identified in NSCLC in 2007 where the 3′ region of the ALK gene was found fused with the 5′ sequence of the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) gene resulting in the expression of the EML4-ALK oncogenic fusion protein [76,77]. Here, ALK is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.