CTLA4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) plus anti-PD-1 (nivolumab) treatments are combinations approved for the treatment of melanoma [141,142], renal cell carcinoma [143,144], colorectal cancer [145], non-small cell lung cancer [146], hepatocellular carcinoma [147] and pleural mesothelioma [148].