Adult breast cancer survivors treated by chemotherapy have increased expression of markers of cellular senescence (p16INK4a, ARF) in T lymphocytes and increased levels of senescence-associated cytokines (VEGFA and MCP1) in serum, comparable with the effects of 10 to 15 years of chronologic aging in independent cohorts of healthy donors [68]. This evidence concerns the gene CDKN2A and breast carcinoma.