The treatment of HCC patients with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor tremelimumab or with programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint inhibitors nivolumab and pembrolizumab, produced a response in some patients, improving their survival [28]. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.