Hypertrophic adipocytes secrete proinflammatory cytokines, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), whereupon proinflammatory macrophages are attracted to the adipose tissue depot, contributing further to an impaired adipose tissue function and chronic low-grade inflammation [164,165], which is associated with impaired insulin sensitivity and the development of type 2 diabetes [166] (Figure 2). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.