In both in vivo (murine models of middle cerebral artery occlusion) and in vitro (an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation model of human brain microvascular endothelial cells and PC12 cells exposed to cobalt chloride) models, apigenin attenuated brain damage and neurological deficiency and improved neurological function, supporting previous evidence and indicating its capacity to ameliorate in vivo post-stroke cognitive impairments through regulating histone deacetylase and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) [119]. This evidence concerns the gene BDNF and Cognitive impairment.