CD4 and coinfection: In multivariable logistic regression analysis, baseline WHO clinical stage III and IV, baseline body mass index < 18.5kg/m2, baseline CD4 count <100 cells/mm3, having history of TB co-infection, having history of lost to follow up, poor adherence to antiretroviral drugs, initiation of ART after two years of diagnosis with HIV were significantly associated with first-line antiretroviral treatment failure.