Intratumoraltreatment with the proposed formulation resulted in statisticallyreduced tumor growth, a greater density of CD4+ and CD8+ infiltratesin the tumor, and immune activation within tumor-draining lymph nodes.These data suggest that a single RNA-based formulation can successfullyreprogram multiple immune checkpoint interactions on a cellular level.Such a candidate may be able to replace future immune checkpoint therapeuticregimes composed of both stimulatory- and inhibitory-receptor-targetingantibodies. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and neoplasm.