CTLA4 and small cell lung carcinoma: NCT01331525 (Arriola et al.)is a phase II trial where ipilimumab, a CTLA-4 inhibitor, at a dose of 10 mg/kg was combined with carboplatin and etoposide in chemotherapy naïve ES-SCLC for up to 6 cycles, showing a 72.4% overall response rate (ORR), a median progression free survival (mPFS) of 6.9 months (95% CI 5.5–7.9), and a median overall survival (mOS) of 17 months (95% CI 7.9–24.3).