TNFSF12 and lung carcinoma: It is known that VEGF is an NFκB-inducible protein and is one of the most potent angiogenic factors crucial for tumor metastasis (Leung et al., 1989), and qRT-PCR analysis showed that VEGFA expression was remarkably upregulated in lung cancer cells with recombinant protein TNFSF12 treatment at 48 h (Figure 5E).