HMGB1 and interstitial lung disease: In this context, the alarmin, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and the chemokine, IL-8, are major inducers of NETosis (Tadie et al., 2013; An et al., 2019) with NETs having been described as playing a key role in the “development of ILD of different etiologies” (Porto and Stein, 2016).