Subsequent studies have shown that the increased levels of neutrophils induced by the IL-17/G-CSF axis or the cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol promote cancer metastasis [113, 114], and the concentration of β2-integrin (CD18) in the intracellular granules of neutrophils is positively correlated with liver metastasis of colorectal cancer in mice [115]. Here, CSF3 is linked to cancer.