Over 90% patients with CRS undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery were carriers of the non-functional TAS2R38 genotype (n = 28: 3.6% PAV/PAV, 50% PAV/AVI, 46% AVI/AVI vs. population TAS2R38 genotype distribution in Europeans: 20% PAV/PAV, 50% PAV/AVI; 30% AVI/AVI; P < 0.043 in the χ2 test] [84, 89]. The gene discussed is TAS2R38; the disease is congenital rubella syndrome.