As shown in Table 3, in multivariable analyses, age > 65 years (adjusted OR 3.37; 95% CI 2.47–4.59), elevated ALT (adjusted OR 2.69; 95% CI 2.14–3.37), male gender (adjusted OR 2.57; 95% CI 1.88–3.49), a smoking history (adjusted OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.23–2.49), and diabetes mellitus (adjusted OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.15–2.11) were significant factors associated with HCC. Here, GPT is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.