In addition to IL-6, DIPS cells also overproduced at the mRNA and/or protein level several agents potentially involved in various aspects of cancer cell progression, in which they resemble, e.g., fibroblasts hypersecreting IL-6 [33] and chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) [11] in response to PCT or endothelial cells generating increased amounts of ICAM-1 and IL-8 upon exposure to CPT [46]. Here, CCL5 is linked to cancer.