RIGI and IgA glomerulonephritis: Although previous studies reported that hypoxia affects tubular epithelial cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, inflammatory cells, and progenitor cells in kidneys [32,33], we show that the upregulation of RIG-I was mainly observed in tubular epithelial cells in mice with hypoxic stimulation, as well as in patients with IgA nephropathy.