Erzhi pills can improve oestrogen levels, alter proteomic expression in the hippocampus, activate the PI3K/Akt pathway in AD rats, reduce Aβ aggregation, inhibit the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein, maintain the morphology of hippocampal neurons, and attenuate the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, thereby improving the learning and memory abilities of ovariectomized AD rats induced by d-galactose and Aβ1–40 injection. This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and Alzheimer disease.