Interestingly the CIN-substantial group was associated with a higher prevalence of genes involved in the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway such as PIK3CA, PIK3R1 and ERBB family of genes as well as genes involved in cell cycle processes such as CCND1 and CDKN2A which is similar to the findings of the TCGA study for the CIN-subtype [2]. This evidence concerns the gene PIK3CA and cervical squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.