Figure 3A schematically illustrates this concept. BSA and cancer-antigen15.3 antibody (anti-CA15.3) protein markers have been used as a modelfor highly abundant protein species (50 mg/mL BSA and 3.6 mg/mL anti-CA15.3).Additionally, green fluorescent protein (GFP, 9 μg/mL) has beenchosen as a model for a low-abundance protein. BSA and GFP concentrationswere optically quantified using fluorescence emission at 333 and 515nm, respectively. CA15.3-antibody has been quantified using absorptionat 280 nm. BSA and GFP surface adsorption was determined by eq 22. This evidence concerns the gene MUC1 and cancer.