TFAM and melanoma: By taking advantage of transcriptomics technology, a previous study found that TFAM loss led to increased angiogenesis and invasion as well as genes relates to amino acid metabolism [e.g., SLC1A5 (ASCT2) and SLC1A4 (ASCT1)] in melanoma cells [49], suggesting that, in order to gain better anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy, it is important to define molecular and metabolic features upon mitochondrial manipulations in order to target the correct cue(s) for combinational therapy.