Serum levels of p75 neurotrophin receptor, a transmembrane protein expressed on Schwann cells and some CNS neurons, were raised in inflammatory demyelinating neuropathies but not in CMT1A, whereas NCAM levels were raised in both, indicating that there may be potential to use the levels of NCAM and p75 to differentiate CIDP from CMT in difficult cases, with a raised p75 differentiating CIDP from CMT1A with both high sensitivity and specificity [9]. The gene discussed is NCAM1; the disease is Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A.