INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Obesity-mediated inflammation and lipotoxicity through ectopic lipid deposition contribute to vascular remodeling in ectopic organs (e.g., liver, muscle, pancreas, heart) as well as in tumor tissues, promoting insulin resistance (Kim et al., 2007; Savage, 2009; Virtue and Vidal-Puig, 2010), cardiovascular diseases and tumor progression (Dong et al., 2017).