NLRP3 and familial hypercholesterolemia: On the other hand, when NLRP3 inflammasome activation was stimulated by hypercholesterolemia, DAMPs, and so on, the local inflammatory response occurred, and there were the recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells such as macrophages and T cells, producing cytokines and ROS, resulting in chronic sterile inflammation and leading to tissue injury and sclerosis (50).