ATF4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: A preclinical study performed on HCC models showed that the induced apoptosis and tumoricidal effect by I-125 seed radiation were facilitated by lobaplatin through the upregulation of the protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK)-eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2a)-Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4)-CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein homologous protein (CHOP) pathway (170).