LTA and neoplasm: In order to better understand the mechanism involved in the survival and proliferation of tumor cells in the TME, it might be important to identify other types of new targets for the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent Calebin A. In the current study, we have also found for the first time that the expression of cancer stem cells (CSC) in the HCT116 cell population was significantly increased in multicellular pro-inflammatory-, similar to TNF-β-TME cultures, compared to HCT116 alginate basic control cultures.