CD8A and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: Liu et al. (2021) showed for the first time that a significant portion of CD8+ T cells in patients at the acute phase of severe HFRS harbored HTNV nucleocapsid protein, and then confirmed that primary human CD8+ T cells were not only permissive to HTNV infection in vitro but also supported the complete viral replication cycle using electoral microscopy.