In any case, the reported immunomodulatory effects of GABA, together with either GLP-1 (83) or the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin (84) also protect newly formed beta cells in the inflammatory environment of T1D, and thus also indirectly restore normal regulation of alpha cell mass and glucagon secretion. The gene discussed is GCG; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.