In light of the association of the NDUFB6 SNP with the M-value, which mainly reflects muscle insulin sensitivity (32), and the previously reported lower mRNA and protein levels of NDUFB6 in muscles of humans with higher age or T2D (33, 34), we next examined the effects of reduced NDUFB6 expression in differentiated C2C12 myotubes, a cell culture model suitable to assess effects of PA in vitro (12). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.