However, interestingly in COPD patients, after an average follow-up of 49.7 ± 6.9 months, a decline in Nrf2 expression in PBMC was observed and correlated with a significant decrease in respiratory function, as measured by FEV1 (Fratta Pasini et al., 2020). The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.