Our results showed that AUC of miR-499a-5p was 0.789 with 66.67% sensitivity and 80.0% specificity at the cut-off value of 0.885, and implicated miR-499a-5p and BNP as independent prognostic factors for 28-day survival in sepsis patients, which was exhibitive of the high diagnostic and prognostic values of miR-499a-5p on SIMD. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and Sepsis.